©2026 by the American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics & Pedorthics, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this document may be produced in any form without written permission of the American Board for Certification in Orthotics, Prosthetics & Pedorthics, Inc.
March 2026
Atlas of Amputations and Limb Deficiencies. 4th edition. Edited by Douglas Smith, John Michael, John Bowker. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2018. openlibrary(3rd) amazon
Atlas of Limb Prosthetics: Surgical, Prosthetic and Rehabilitation Principles. 2nd edition. Edited by John Bowker and John Michael. Mosby, 2002. oandplibrary amazon
Lower Limb Amputations: a Guide to Rehabilitation. Edited by Gloria T. Sanders. F.A. Davis, Co., 1986. archive.org amazon
The Patellar-Tendon-Bearing Below-Knee Prosthesis. Biomechanics Laboratory, Dept. of Engineering, University of California. 1965. oandplibrary PDF